Fluid compressor



Aug. 9, 1932. c. M. TuRsKY FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed May 19, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 NNN LYLZ

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 C. M. TURSKY FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed May 19, 1931 Aug, 9, m32.

Patented Aug. 9, 1932 Unirse STATES savant 'ovarica cHAELEs M. TUEsKY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA FLUID .ooMrREss'oE Application filed May 19, 1931. Serial No. 538,473'.

` This invention relates to apparatus of the type forming the subject matter of Letters Patentfot'the United States granted to me and respectively Nos. 1,371,824 dated March 15, `1921; 1,478,929 dated December 25, 1923; and 1,533,958 dated April 14, 1925; wherein Va pair of axially alined rigidly'connected pisthe intake and exhaust of liuid from-cylinders in which said pistons are Vmounted to reciprocate; and to a gear driving device for rotating said crank disk, particularly adapted for driving the compressor by an electric motor rotating at. a speed much higher than thatof said crank disk. f l

My invention includes the-various novel features of construction and arrangement ,hereinafter more deinitely speciied.

In said drawings; Fig. I is a right hand end elevation of aconvenient embodiment of my improved compressor in connection with an electric motor.

Fig. II is a partly sectional front elevation of the structure shown in Fig. I, section being taken on the vertical line II, II, inFig. I.

- Fig. III is va vertical sectional view of the compressor shown in Figs. I and II, taken on the line III, III, in Fig. II; the electric motor being indicated in right hand sidek elevation.

In said figures the compressor casing comprises two separable sections, viz., the base section 1 `having thepedestal ianges 2 with holes 3 for bolts 4 by'whichit may be rigidly connected with `any suitable support; and` v the other section 6 which is separable from thesect-ionl on the plane 7 but rigidly connected therewith by the four bolts 8 shown in Fig. II, so as to form a receptacle 9 for lubricating oil at the bottom of said casing.

Said casing section 1 supports'thek crank troduced through the openings 45 within the shaft 10 which. is journaled therein independently of saidcasing section 6. As shown in Fig. III, said shaft 10V is provided with two opposite thrust bearings comprising the respective series of rollers 11 and '12, which bear upon Arace rings 13 and 14 on said shaft which has .the flange 16 as an abutment for the ring 13 and the collar 17 as an abutment for the ring 14; said collar being detachably connected with saids'haft by anysuitable means, conveniently the tapered pin 18. Said rollers 11 and 12 respectively bear upon the race rings 2O and 21 which are itted in SaidV casing section 1 and held in `proper axially spaced relation bythe spacing ring 22 between them. Said ring has the smooth drilled socket'23, shown in Fig. III, to receive the smoothcylindrical end 24 of the set screw 25` Ytracted'to free its end 24 from the socket 231;

said crank shaft'lO with its bearings-aforesaid may be readily installed in or removed Y from said casing section 1.

vSaid casing section 6 has, in unitary relation therewith, Vaxially alined cylinders 28 and 29, in spaced relation, upon respectively 'opposite Asides ofthe axis of said' shaft 10. o

The pair of pistons31 and 32are rigidly connected in spaced relation bythe rod 33 which has the crank pin bearing 34 trans- "55 verse to the common axis of said pistons. The crank pin 35 is mounted to reciprocate in said bearing 34 and has the ball end 36 fitted in the ball socket 37 inthe disk `38 carried by said crank shaft'lO and conveniently `formed in unitary relation therewith, as

shown in Fig. III. The ball socketv plate 40 is complementary to said socket 37 and is detachably secured tok said ldisk 38, conveniently by three screws 4 1, in a circumfereni D tial series, oneoi which is shown and another in Fig. III.

in Fig. II

The body @fabricating @n 4A 'watch is held in said casing may be conveniently .in-

Said casing'section ll-has holes 5l7`and 52ex"` tending through the pedestal flanges 2 at yre-y spectively opposite sides of said section l and'` conveniently drilled Vin axiah alinement.

ASaid hole 5l is in communication with the il sight gage indicated in Fig. l whichinchicles the tubular metal fitting 54 containing th'eglass cylinder 55 Vsecured therein by the lmurled plug 56. `'Said listing 54 has rigidly connected therewith the gage 'plate 57 with :the'notch 58 therein indicating the desired V'minimum and maximum levelof said body of oil 44. Saidhole 52 serves as drain loutlet for dirty oil and is conveniently. provided with the removable Lscrew plug indicated at 60, as shown iin Fig. ll; 'Y

- The oil feeding'ring 6l, shown in Fig.v HI, encircles said shaftlO, `is free to turn thereon in eccentric relation' therewith, .and-dips into the body of oil ll-in said receptacleQ. Said disk o8 has the oilfreceivlng fiange 62 and groove 63 in concentric relation with `said Y shaft, and said ring 6l is held in icooperative relation therewithbysaid abutment flange l6on said shaft; so that, as the shaft turns,

`oil is lifted by said ring and scrapedoffby said flange into saidgroove,with which `said ball socket 37 communieat'esas indicatedk in Fig. Hl. `Consequently, astheI shaft V,l0 turns, oil is caused to'jflow from said-groove .(lthrough saidsoclret 37,fto ynot only lubri- Y cate v`the latter but also flow intothe cil passage 65 1n saidv crank pin 35. Saidpassage' 65 has lateral'openings 66 through which oil is notonly suppliedto. the crank pinbearing 34 in the-piston rod 38, but also into the oil passages 67 in 4.said rod and thence through outlets 68 le'a'dingfrom saidpa'ssagejs 67, re'- spectively'into said Cylinders 28 and 29 to lubricate them and the pistons 3l and `32 which respectively reciprocate therein.

. Said crank shaft YV10 may be tlnisrotated to'oil all VVtheparts connected therewith as abovegdescribed, byany suitable means. For instance, said shaft maybe extended through .the casing section l to the right in' Figlil and be connected with an electric motor or other operatingineens..l However, l 'prefer .to form upon the periphery of sa-idfdisl; 38 the circular seriesof gearA teeth 70 which mesh' vwiththe teethfon the` drivinggear`7l which is carried by the driving shaft 72 in said casing members l and 6, parallelwith said lcrank shaft 10, as shownin Fig. lll'. Said' shaft72 isjournaled in the opposite 72 isprovided with the crown clutch member 66 "in" rotary engagement with the similar clutch member 8l ycarried by the Aarmature shaft. 82 of the electric motor 83.V I prefer to interposebetween said clutch members 8() and 81 resilient elements so as toy permit slight `relative movement thereof and thus facilitate thev transmission of vpower .from said motor to said compressori...l Such an arrangement'permits the operation of the compressor: by av .small high speed motor..V ll-lowvever, the com-- presser may be otherwise operated as above indicated. Y

- As shown iniyFigQIl, saidcylinders 28 and` 29 are Y provided with similar removable heads 85 and 8,6 which are detachably secured to said cylinders by respective4 circular series of four bolts 87 andSl.Y Said heads hold respective valve casings 90 in recesses 91 at the ends ofthe cylinders, in'fluid tight*` relation and saidfcasings have annular recesses921n .which are fitted flexible annular val-ves 93 forV controlling. the fluid. inletip'orts A94 which .lead to thelouter atmosphere through theports95 in said casings; theA latter ports' being con.-

.veniently providedA with ,elbow .fittings 496` "carryingk silence-rs 97 which ysuppress the noise which would'otherwisebe madetbyfthe iniiux ofair to said cylinders,as the jpistons 221` and 82 are reciprocated, by ,the means above" described. jEach vof said valves 93 conveniently. consistsof a .plurality of thin sheet metal stampings. Although vI have shown but two such stampings'in Fig. 11,71 prefer to use more of thinner metal.: For instance,'spi ing tempered shim steel of, slay, '.002 of aninch'thickness.` .The outer edges of saidyalvegmembers are: held 'substan-` tially immovable relationwith vsaid cylinders but said'valves areso flexible that they are adapted'to bend into curved conicalformlilre the dischargeend ofa trumpet ywhen said pistons 3l and Y82am alternately retracted toward the axis ofthe crank shaft 10 to create partial vacuum between the outer ends' of thecylinders andsaid valves93,.to then and thus open said inlet ports: 94 and permit the .in-fluit Aof air to the respective cylinders. under atmospheric pressure through said silencers 97, etc.".illowever, as saldipistons 31 and -32 are thrust-by the rotation' of said crank shaft lO', ea'chofsaid valves 93 is permitted torreturn, and in fact forced; to return,` toits nOrj` malplane formshown in Fig.-

-naV

' Each of said cylinders 28 and 29lis provided with ,a discharge port' 99 in coaxial relation therewith, which is normally closed by a valve 100 under pressure ofa spring 101,

the stressof which determines the `pressure at A which 'the air or other fluidv shall-bef discharged from therespective cylinders. Said valves 100 are conveniently formed of pressed sheet metall including' Va central disk having threev or more prongs 102 byl which itV is guided inits reciprocation inthevalve chamf ber 103 in said casing 905 VSaid valve chain# `bers 103 are respectively provided iwith outf let ports'A 104through which the compressed fluid is discharged". 'As yindicated 'in-Figli, such' outlet port from the cylinder 28 is provided with the elbow fitting'f105 and the outlet port from the cylinder 29 is provided/'with a T-fitting 108. Said fittings are conveniently of the pinch type and connected by the` manifold conduit 10T so that the fluid compressed in both of said-cylinders 28 and 29 to the same pressure, is discharged through the common conduit 108 in which substantially constant fluid pressure is maintainechby the alternate compressing operationv of said pistons 31 and 32, as above described. c

However, the fluid may be compressed to different pressures in the cylinders V28 and 29, by the same means above described, if the fitting 105 which, as shown in Fi ll, is the discharge outlet of the cylinder 28jbc connect-V y ed to theinlet fitting 96 of the other cylinder 29, instead of to the discharge outlet fitting v' 106of the cylinder 29; said fitting 106 bein'f.;` then capped or otherwise closed whereV it is shown connected with the conduit 107. VThe effect ofthe latter arrangementiis that the fluid is initially compressed in the cylinder 28 to a pressure determined by the stress of the spring 101 local thereto and that fluidv isv further compressed, in the cylinder 29, to a higher pressure determined by the stress of the spring 101 local to the` cylinder 29, and

the .doubly compressed fluid discharged' able with the minimum amount of clearance of the pistons 31 and 32 with respect to the outer end closures of the respective cylindersA 28 and 29. However, lf do-.not desire to limit myself to the precise details of construction and arrangement herein set forth, as it is obvious` that various modifications may be 'with L Casing, forming receptacle for my made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention, as' defined in the appended claims.

1; In a fluid compressor, the combination with a substantially closed casing; ofa crank shaftjournaled in said casing; said casing l' i being divided in twosections in a, vplane transverse to the axis of said shaft', one of said sections containing bearings for' jour naling said lshaft independently of the other section;v saidother section of said casing having, rin unitary' relation "therewith, axially ali-ned cylinders, in spaced relation, upon, respectively opposite: sides of thegaxis of said shaft means detachably, rigidlyfconnecting c said casing sectionsg-s'aid otherl casing section having an opening opposite .tosaid crank i shaftV and provided with a removable door; ,y

a pair of pistons rigidly connected inspaced relationfby a rod and mounted to reciprocate lin the respectivecylinders; a" bearing in said rfod transverse to the common axis of said pistons a 'crank pin mountedV to reciprocate in said bearing in the piston rod and having a ball end;said crank shaftihaving'in eccentric relation therewitha ball s ocket fitted to said ball; said ball socket comprising a plate l encircling said crank pin and having means detachably securing it to saidcrank, acces"- sible for removal whensaid door is open; whereby, said casing 1s readily separable for access to the compressorelements within? it.

2. Inra'fluid compressor, the combinationv `with acasing, `forming a receptacle for vlubricating oil'in the .bottom thereof;xof a crank shaft'journaled in said casing, with its axis substantially horizontal; a disk on said shaft arranged 'to dip into saidoil receptacle; an

oil receiving Aflange on'said disk,-in concentric 'relation with said shaftg-an oil feeding ring encircling said shaft, freeto turn there on in eccentric relationV therewith, and dip'- vping into said oil receptacle; means on said shaft for holding said oil ring i-n cooperative relation vwith said oil receiving flange;

.aball socket in said disk, opening within thev circumferenceof said oil f flange; whereby Yoil is liftedl into said socket by said ring durdo Y ingthejrotation ofsaid shaft, a pistonrod mountedto reciprocate in 'said casing, trans*- versely withrespect to the axis of said shaft,

.and having acrank pin bearing extending transversely to its axis in a plane parallel with the axis ofsaid shaft; a crank pin mounted to reciprocate in saidbearing and having a ball end iittedfinsai'd socket; said crank pin having an oil passagewayrin com'- munication with said socketandleading into `said pistonv rod bearing; whereby rotation ofsaid crank shaft causes' oil to flowvfrom said socket to lubricate said.` crank pin inits 315 bearing.

3. In a fluid compressor, the combination rcat-ing'oil in the bottom'thereof of a'cr'ank shaft journaled in said casing, with its axis having gear teeth arranged to'dip into said oilreceptacle; a driving gear engaging said teeth; an koil receiving groove on .saidA disk, in

conceiitric'relation with said shaft; an=oil feeding ring encircling said shaft, free 'toA turn thereonin eccentric lrelation therewith,

a.nddipping.f into said oil receptacle; means onfsaid sliaftfor' holding said oilringin oo `operative relation with said oil receiving groove; a crank pin socket in said disk, open'- `ing into ksaid groove; wherebyoilxisfliftedl into said socket by said ringdruringV the rotation of. saideshaft; V,a-fpiston rod mountedtoreciprocateI` in said casing,l transversely with respect to lthe axis of said shaft,V and having a crank pin bearing extending trans'- versely to its axis in Ia' plane parallelrwith n the axis Vof said shaft; a crankv pin mounted toy reciprocatelin said bearing in the piston rod and havingone end fitted-in said socket;

'said' crankfpin havingan oil passageway leading into said bearing;- whereby rotation `of said-"crank shaft lifts oil to said driving gear, socketifand said-bearing.

4. A fluid compressor as in'clainii 2, where-- in the piston rod has an oil passagewaywin communicationv with the oil passageway in said crank pin for discharging oil upon the surface traversed bythe piston; whereby l rotation of lsaid crankshaft effects lubricatio'n of both the crank and piston. Y 5'. In 'a ,fluidk compressor, the combination axis; of a driving shaft provided 'with 'op-v posite thrust bearings respectively mounted in' said casing'sec'tions; and means detachably rigidlyconnectin'g said sections; whereby endwise movement of 'said driving shaft is'no'rmallyprevented," but said shaft and :harness vpiston mounted to reciprocatei-n saidcasing;

mechanism in said casing for.l reciprocating-S75 said pistoni; and means detachably rigidly connecting said sections whereby saidcasing may be opened toafford access to the nieehanism therein while thev other casing `section remains rigidly connected withV its support. V*80 In testimony whereof, Ifhave 'hereunto signed' 'my name'- at Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, this fifteenth day of May, 1931*.V f f Y CHARLES M. TURSKY.

-witha substantiallyA closed casing', divided -i'n two sections, in a plane transverse to its bearings mayI be readily installed and re- .v moved when said casing sections are sepa- Y rated.V Y t v 6. Ina fluid compressorythe combination with a casing,vdivided in twov sections, in

plane transverse to its axis; ofa crank shaft ,l `lournaled in saidjca'sing, in coaxial relation therewith; a gea-r. carried by said crankshaft and carrying a crank pinV eccentric tesa-idv Y' Y Y axis.; a driving shaft Journaled in said casing,

and extending exteriorthereto, parallel withv said crankshaft and'eccentricthereto.;adriving gear carried by said `driving shaft iny mesh with-the gear onl said rcrank shaft; means detachably rigidly' connecting said sections.; and a piston mounted toreciprocate l in'said casing-with its axis transverse tothe axis. of said casing land operatively connected Y with'sa-id cranklpin. p

7.v A fiuid compressor as in claim 6, in-

- eluding'Y two pistons vhaving n'fie'ans Vrigidly VYconnecting .them inv coaxial relation, spaced V upon opposite; sides of the axis ofjsaid crank shaft l:. abeti/ring for said crank pin, carried n by said'pistons, 'intermediate thereof l;` where.- 

